The engine uses a double-bush (duplex) timing chain. Valves are actuated by camshafts via roller-type cam followers with hydraulic valve clearance compensation. On top of each cylinder bank, there is an aluminum cylinder head with four valves per cylinder (24 valves total) and intake and exhaust overhead camshafts (DOHC). The engine also has a balancing shaft which counter-rotates at the same speed as the crankshaft. The OM642 has a forged steel crankshaft which rotates in four bearings, forged steel lightweight connecting rods, and aluminum pistons with recesses in the piston crowns for the optimal combustion process. Engine's aluminum crankcase weights only 41 kg. In 2014, the cylinder liners were replaced by the Mercedes-Benz's "Nanoslide" cylinder wall coating. The new V6 CDI has an aluminum cylinder block with a 72-degree V angle which equipped with cast-in grey iron cylinder liners.
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